Receptive and Expressive Language Module (RELM): User Guide

The Receptive and Expressive Language Module (RELM) is designed to measure learners’ language skills, either as part of an Early Grade Reading Assessment (EGRA) or as a stand-alone tool. The main objective of RELM is to assess the receptive and expressive language skills of learners in pre-primary and primary grades, i.e., the extent to which learners can speak and understand the language in which they are learning to read, measuring competencies that are building blocks for reading acquisition. The foundational assumption behind the formulation of the RELM is that language skills play a crucial role in shaping learners' reading comprehension performance.

This is a guide for users interested in implementing the RELM and adapting it to the specific country and cultural context which it will be applied.